مروری بر روان درمانی پویشی فشرده و کوتاه مدت: مبانی تا عمل

This paper presents an overview of the concepts, requirements, scope, objectives, techniques and principles of this area of psychodynamic therapy. Moreover, with further analysis and consideration of the impact and effectiveness of the fore-mentioned therapy on reduction of pain causing symptoms of Medical and psychiatric diseases, it also tries to expand the horizons of psychoanalysts and those interested in this new field of health care. Cases studied in this research are the following; Latest articles in this field, related books and analyzing the experiences of known therapists of this field. Despite the fact that intensive and short-term dynamic psychotherapy is somewhat of a newfound subject, it is deemed to be among the most effective psychotherapy methods, and since it is of Iranian origin and it also accentuates the importance of experience, excitements, originality of emotions and the primacy of emotion over thinking, it has many advocates here in our own country, and is rapidly expanding. This article, by reviewing the basic principles of psychodynamic therapy and concepts such as emotion, anxiety and defensive mechanism which is accepted by the majority of therapies, can be fruitful for all therapists. The ultimate goal of this paper is to clarify the path to interested therapists and specialists in this field. According to the originality of experience and its visibility in human relationships and life, person triangle and conflict triangle form the basis of this treatment, conflict triangle refers to internal factors, such as emotions and defense mechanism and person triangle refers to the context and interpersonal factors of the problem. The basis of the treatment takes place through the reconstruction of conflict triangle (process of emotion sequence, anxiety and defense mechanism) in the form of relationship triangle, especially patient-therapist relationship during therapy sessions. The patient's repressed feelings towards parents, in the context of therapy with awareness to experience therapist, will be analyzed and named. Experiencing the excitements leads to the neutralization of defense mechanisms and liberation from self-constituted sufferings. Self-constituted suffering is the result of a super-ego which is fueled by unconscious guilt, willingness to sacrifice and resistance of the individual. The basic difference of this therapy from traditional psychoanalysis is thwarting the transferable resistance, strengthening the therapeutic alliance, emphasis and pressure on experiencing instantaneous emotions and an additional focus on physical symptoms, in a way that it can be a combination of psychotherapy and behavioral therapy techniques with the objective of emotional desensitization. Skillfulness of therapists in this field can be summarized in making fine observations. Being close to emotional experiences should be seen at the moment of its occurrence and pointed out to the patient so that the therapeutic process shall be effective. Courage, boldness and mindfulness of the therapist is amongst the important factors that could make the process of treating patients, quick, accurate and persistent.